"Again!" exclaimed my niece from the backseat of my brother’s white Volvo station wagon. Having heard, “again,” followed by a rewind of the cassette in order to play again, “The Wheels of the Bus,” my brother ingeniously created a cassette with a continual loop of Simone’s favorite songs.
“Again”
was a favorite term for Simone, as it was for Paul. That said, today, I again make
three points, three P’s: Paul, pink and prayer. Paul’s Letter to the
Philippians, the Advent wreath’s Pink candle and Prayer.
The
Philippian community was the first church Paul founded in Europe. It stood
behind Paul’s work by financially supporting his mission. Paul wrote in chapter
four, “No church entered into partnership with me in giving and receiving,
except you. Even in Thessalonica you sent me help for my needs once and again.”[2]
In
short, Philippians is a letter of friendship.[3] Positive expressions of
quiet joy pervade the letter: “I hold you in my heart. … I yearn for you
with all the affection of Christ Jesus. … I am glad and rejoice with you all; likewise,
you should be glad and rejoice with me. … My brothers, whom I love and long
for, my joy and my crown.”[4]
Reading
Philippians in English, we do not grasp fully the emotion that underpinned
Paul’s message. To appreciate the force of his language, we must understand how
the topic of friendship fascinated the Greeks. They defined friendship simply
as fellowship, and agreed that friends hold all things in common, including
material and spiritual goods. Friendship was a form of equality, and the spiritual
unity between friends was so close that you considered your friend “another
self.”
As their
pastor and friend, what prompted Paul to address his friends so warmly? Chapter
one tells us that the Philippian Christians experienced considerable antagonism
from their fellow citizens. That prompted Paul to write, “Let your manner of life be
worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am
absent, I may hear that you are standing firm in one spirit, with one mind
striving side by side for the faith of the gospel, and not frightened in
anything by your opponents. This is a clear sign to them of their destruction,
but of your salvation, and that from God. For it has been granted to you that
for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for
his sake, engaged in the same conflict … that I still have.”[5]
Paul
urged the Philippian Christians to close ranks and find a deeper unity through
unselfishness. At the same time, reflecting on his own fate in prison, he
offered them the image of suffering on behalf of the gospel. As friends, they
shared mutually in a suffering that deepened their friendship.[6]
Paul
knew if Christians were to persevere despite pressure and persecution, they had
to pray to God. Paul advised his friends to pray, which would strengthen the
community and their resolve to endure suffering from their neighbors. That is
why Paul wrote, “In everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your
requests be known to God.” Prayer strengthened the Christian community.
In another
letter, Paul encouraged Christians to give thanks in all circumstances, but not necessarily for all circumstances. Paul
never instructed Christians to rejoice, pray and give thanks for the evil that confronts the church.
That would be akin to us giving thanks for the smallest sin or a nuclear
holocaust. Sin is not God’s will. However, if Christians in 1st
century Philippi gave thanks to God for salvation through Christ, He would
strengthen them to endure difficult circumstances. In short, Paul proposed a simple
first point: rejoice, pray and give thanks. And now, our second point, the
Advent wreath’s pink candle.
Gaudete!
Rejoice! Gaudete is Latin for rejoice
and refers to the importance of Christian joy in the midst of a penitential
season, the message of Paul’s letter. Like Lent, Advent is a penitential
season.
The tradition
of Advent candles originated in Germany. A pink candle surrounded by three
purplish ones symbolizes joy amidst penance. Today, we light the pink candle
because it is based on the joy in our epistle.[7]
We
use different colors to teach and symbolize various feasts and seasons, and to
evoke emotions. For example, white symbolizes light and purity. We use white
during the seasons of Christmas and Easter. Red expresses the fire of the Holy
Spirit and the blood of the Passion and martyrdom. We use red on Pentecost, Palm
Sunday and Reformation Sunday. Green is the symbolic color of hope and
serenity. We use green on the Sundays after Epiphany and Pentecost. Again, violet
recalls penance. Black is the somber color used for Good Friday and funerals,
in some churches. Pink or rose, which has never enjoyed frequent use, serves as
a reminder, by using an unusual color, that we are halfway through a
penitential season.[8]
Color
effectively expresses the specific character of the mysteries of our faith and gives
a sense of the Christian's passage through the course of the liturgical year.
If that makes no sense, imagine a white funeral suit, a black wedding gown or The
Bears in purple and gold.
Lighting
a pink candle during a penitential season symbolizes Christian joy even when we
do penance or suffer persecution. We rejoice in the midst of penance or suffering
because we know that in spite of trouble or persecution, we prayerfully thank
God for His gift of salvation.
So, pink reminds us to rejoice, pray and give thanks.
Our
third point, prayer. There is a lot to say about prayer. Martin Luther himself
said much about it. In his Large
Catechism, he wrote, “That we may
know what and how to pray, our Lord Christ himself taught us both the way and
the words.”[9]
Luther
confessed praying was more difficult than preaching. He offered advice on where
to pray[10], how to deal with
distraction[11],
how to overcome the temptation to skip prayer[12], and how to deal with
feeling unworthy, which, he urged, we must overcome.
Luther
reminded pastors to encourage people to pray as Christ and the apostles prayed.
He wrote, “It is our duty to pray because
of God’s command. They are delusional who say, ‘Why should I pray? Who knows
whether God pays attention to my prayer?’”[13] To such people, Luther said,
“We have God’s promise that He will hear
us.”[14]
To
quote Luther, “People who are experienced
in spiritual matters have said that no labor is comparable to the labor of
praying. To pray is not to recite a number of psalms or to roar in churches…but
to have serious thoughts by which the soul establishes a fellowship between him
who prays and him who hears the prayer and determines with certainty that
although we are miserable sinners, God will be gracious, mitigate the
punishments, and answer our petitions.”[15]
God
answers our petitions. … Now, my friends, tell me the difference between what
Martin Luther believed in his heart and what you believe in yours? Does God
answer every petition? Do I have the confidence to tell my children and
grandchildren that God answers petitions? What do I mean when I say God answers
petitions?
To
say, “God answers my petitions,” means I reflect deeply on my relationship with
God. In Luther’s words, it is to have
serious thoughts by which the soul establishes a fellowship between him who
prays and him who hears the prayer. I must reflect deeply on my
relationship with God.
Is my
relationship authentic? Are my petitions as authentic as those in the Psalms? Read
Psalm 5, 43 or 51. Is my spirit like Jesus’ when he taught us to ask for daily
bread? Read Matthew 6 and Luke 11.
When
I surrender absolutely to God and His will – as Jesus did – not only at the
hour of my impending death but throughout my life, I know God will provide my
daily bread and every other worldly need.[16] When I surrender
unconditionally to God and his incomprehensibility – which I can do only in
faith, hope and love – all my petitions are answered.[17] On the other hand, if my prayer
is not imbued with the spirit of Jesus’ words – Let your will be done, not mine – then it is not prayer at all, but
a projection of a vital need into a void, or an attempt to influence God to
execute senseless magic.
An
authentic relationship with God does not mean I am free of needs and anxieties.
However, when I place myself before God in prayer, for what do I ask?[18] Daily bread? Health?
Love? Success? Strength? Trust? Gratitude? Protection from evil and abuse?
Whatever
the outcome of my prayer, do I give thanks to God in the circumstances I find
myself? If I am pressured and persecuted for my faith, do I still thank God for
the gift of salvation through Christ? …
Given
the rancor that touches family and community, do I pray in the spirit of the
Psalmist who begged God, “Create in me a clean heart, O God, and
renew a right spirit within me.”?[19]
I
close with the back-story of a song that has affected people’s lives because it
touches on rejoicing, prayer and thanksgiving.
In
1967, Bob Thiele and George Weiss wrote a political song to calm our fears from
the violence of the race riots that spread across a hundred cities from Newark
to Los Angeles. They wrote it with one man in mind, and hoped his grandfatherly
image would convey the song's message. In 1968, the song made it to #116 on the
US pop chart, selling 1,000 records, but reached #1 in the UK, making Louis
Armstrong the oldest male to top the UK Singles Chart, at sixty-six years and
ten months old.[20]
The song? What a Wonderful World.
Armstrong's
appeal transcended race, but since the ‘50s, he was accused of subserviently
providing entertainment for white America. Naturally, Armstrong disagreed.
As
he introduced a live performance of the song, Satchmo stated, “Some of you young folks been saying to me:
‘Hey, Pops - what do you mean, What a Wonderful World? How about all them wars,
…, you call them wonderful?’”
“But
how about listening to old Pops for a minute? Seems to me it ain't the world
that's so bad but what we're doing to it, and all I'm saying is: see what a
wonderful world it would be if only we'd give it a chance.”[21]
Of
course, Armstrong was speaking of love. Love comes in every color of the
rainbow and fills the heart of every person created by God.
As
we await the coming of Christ, take time today to reflect upon the joy that pink
and all the colors of the rainbow evoke. Think about Paul’s passage: “Rejoice
in the Lord always; again I will say, rejoice. … In everything by prayer and
supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be known to God.” Finally,
petition God to create in you a clean heart and a right spirit. When you do,
may the peace of God that surpasses all understanding, keep your hearts and
minds in Christ Jesus. Amen.[22]
[1] Psalm 122
[2]
Philippians 4;15-16
[3]
Luke Timothy Johnson, The Writings of the New Testament. Minneapolis: Fortress
Press (2010), 325ff.
[4]
Philippians 1:7; 1:8; 2:18; 4:1
[5]
Philippians 1:27-30
[6]
Brendan Byrne, The Letter to the Philippians, The New Jerome Biblical
Commentary. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall (1990), 793.
[7]
LCMS Website – FAQs – Worship/ Congregational Life – Church Year
[8] http://www.ewtn.com/library/Liturgy/ZLITUR61.HTM
[9]
Book of Concord, Page 441
[10]
Ewald M. Plass, What Luther Says: A Practical In-Home Anthology for the Active
Christian. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House (1959), 1082.
[11] Plass,
1083.
[12] Plass,
1084.
[13] Plass,
1084.
[14] Plass,
1075.
[15] Plass,
1088.
[16]
Karl Rahner, The Practice of Faith: A Handbook of Contemporary Spirituality.
New York: Crossroad (1986), 88.
[17] Rahner,
88.
[18] Rahner,
89.
[19]
Psalm 51:10
[20] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_a_Wonderful_World
[21] Smashed
Hits: How political is What A Wonderful World? http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-16118157
[22]
Philippians 4:7
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